The Sacred Text And The Principal Beliefs Of Christianity

Over the centuries, Christianity has organised its beliefs into a systematic theology that draws from its sacred writing and tradition. While the main beliefs of Christianity are shared by all Christian variants, there are degrees of different in the interpretation of these beliefs and how they are lived out in everyday life. This can be seen in the important of sacred text, principle belief of the concept of salvation in John 3:16, principle belief of divine and humanity in ‘John 1:14’, principle belief of resurrection in ‘Mark 16:1-8’, principle belief of revelation in ‘1 corinthians14:6’, and beliefs through the Trinity in ‘2 Corinthians 13:14’. This essay will explain the important of the sacred text and the principal beliefs of Christianity. The important sacred text of Christianity is the Bible. The Bible is primary sacred text of Christianity. The Christian Bible is made of two parts: the Old Testament, which is almost identical to the Jewish Bible; and the New Testament, a collection of Christian writings that includes biographies of Jesus and the apostles, letters to new churches, and an apocalyptic work. The Christian Bible is a collection of writings that Christians believe is of divine and human origin. The Bible is accepted by Christians as trustworthy for belief and practice. As well sometimes referred to as Scripture and Holy Scripture . Christianity views the Bible as the basic source of belief and practice. The Bible is the central sacred text forShow MoreRelatedThe Bible and The Qur’an Essay747 Words   |  3 PagesThrough examining the beliefs derived from the sacred texts of Christianity and Islam, it has become evident that there is a significant relationship between beliefs and the notions of inner and world peace within a religious tradition. Inner peace refers to the ways in which the sacred texts and principal teachings structure an individual’s quest to achieve personal peace and satisfaction. World peace is also achieved through the sacred texts and teachings however, it is the ways in which theseRead MoreThe Sacred Texts And Writings1423 Words   |  6 PagesSacred texts and writings are very beneficial for Christian people since they are the word of God and can be deliberated as supportive indication of understanding the principle beliefs of Christianity which include the divinity and humanity of Jesus Christ, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ, the nature of god and the nature of trinity, revelation and salvation. This essay aim’s at assessing the significant role of the sacred text in providing authentic information in regards to sacred textsRead MoreChristianity And Islam : Sacred Texts Are Vital Sources Of Information On All Aspects Of Peace 1637 Words   |  7 PagesIn both Christianity and Islam, sacred texts are vital sources of information on all aspects of peace. They demonstrate principal teachings about peace, and teachings on inner peace as well as supporting the ultimate aim of world peace. In the Christian sacred text, the bible, Jesus’ ‘Golden Rule’ is â€Å"do unto others as you would have done unto you†; which in relation to peace infers that one must act peacefully to receive peaceful treatment in return. One of the key teachings regarding peace isRead MorePeace Is Both Complex And Multifaceted1631 Words   |  7 Pagespresence of justice acting within the world. For both Islam and Christianity, peace is understood as more than merely an absence of violence and conflict. It refers more fully to an overall sense of wellbeing. Ultimately peace is found in union with God/Allah. Christians and Muslims are taught to live at peace individually and with others, both within their own communities and in the wider human family. The core teachings found in the sacred texts and writings of these two traditions enable adherents toRead MoreReligion and Peace - Christianity and Islam894 Words   |  4 Pagesimperative to understand the source of the teachings for each religion. The principles teachings of peace for Both Christianity and Islam are primarily found in the sacred texts of both religious traditions. Christianity looks to the bible and specifically the New Testament for teachings about peace, whereas Islam focuses’ on the Qur’an and Hadith to guide their beliefs of peace. These sacred texts guide the individual adherents of each religion to achieving inner peace which consequently develops theirRead MoreThe Four Characteristics of Religion1212 Words   |  5 PagesTRADITION† Religion is the belief and worship of an extraordinary and supernaturally controlling power that has developed and become an essential factor in the way humans have ordered and made sense of the world in which we reside in and is defined by its characteristics. To create a dynamic, living and breathing religion, it must have all of these characteristics that distinguish and separate a religion from others. These include beliefs and believers, sacred texts and writings, ethics and ritualsRead MoreComparing Christianity and Islam769 Words   |  3 Pagesbetween the individual, God and their neighbours. Christianity and Islam are both religious traditions that have their sacred texts, the Bible and the Quran and Hadith respectively, as the foundation stones to guiding its adherents to a life of inner-peace. This is achieved through following the principal teachings and taking part in the significant practices whilst following a comprehensive ethical structure as stated in their sacred texts. Both Christianity and Islam strive to emphasise the achievementRead MorePeace in Both Christianity and Islam Essays702 Words   |  3 Pagesand equitable to those who have neither fought against your faith nor driven you out of your homes. In fact God loves the equitable. (Chapter 60, Verse 8). This tells Muslims that all people should be treated kindly and equally. Peace in both Christianity and Islam is promoted by Peace organizations two examples of both Christian and Islamic peace organization groups include Peace wise Peacemakers, World council of churches, Muslim for peace and Muslim peace fellowship. These organizations contributeRead MoreChristianity Report1518 Words   |  7 PagesStudies of Religion-Christianity Origins and Principal beliefs of Christianity Christianity originated in the city of Jerusalem as a monotheistic religion which rooted from Judaism in the 1st century. Jesus of Nazareth, first recognized as a Messiah, is now known as the Son of God to Christians, is accepted as the founder of Christianity. Jesus, given that he sought only to renew Judaism, did not intend to find a new religion. To some people, Jesus is recognized as a normal human being who feltRead MoreWorld Religion : Judaism, Hinduism, And Islam Essay1391 Words   |  6 PagesWorld Religion At first glance and hearing about, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam these five religions-look and sound a lot alike. Each one was founded and developed by mankind, follow a list of religious principles and directives to live by, and they all share the same consciousness of wrong doings being reconciled. Because anyone can strike up a new religion at any time, however, religion cannot be judged on how it looks or sounds. As a comparison we will see just how different

Internal and External Communication Free Essays

1-a internal communication you would recommend to ensure that hand over process in hospital wards is made efficiently. Typically handover occurs at two levels. The first is the generic handover, completed by the whole team. We will write a custom essay sample on Internal and External Communication or any similar topic only for you Order Now This handover is often a summary in nature, with only generic client information included. This handover generally does not allow for provision of detailed profession specific information. The handover is typically provided to a central location, namely the receiving hospital or General Practitioner, with copies provided to relevant health services. Breakdowns occur when this handover report is not distributed beyond the primary receiving service or professional. Consequently the AHP may not be aware of the handover, and the client will then fail to receive the required service. The second level of handover involves profession specific handover, where clinical handover is provided between individual health professionals at the referring and receiving site. There are limited standard templates or formats for this type of handover. However, Department of Health (DoH) dietitians have recently collaborated to establish a standard client transfer summary sheet, which includes specific information when handing over within the same discipline. 5 A similar approach may be useful for other allied health professions OBJECTIVE: To describe and evaluate the PACT (Patient assessment, Assertive communication, Continuum of care, Teamwork with trust) Project, aimed at improving communication between hospital staff at handover. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: The PACT Project was conducted between April and December 2008 at a medium-sized private hospital in Victoria. Action research was used to implement and monitor the project, with seven nurses acting as a critical reference group. Two communication tools were developed to standardise and facilitate shift-to-shift and nurse-to-doctor communication. Both tools used SBAR (situation, background, assessment, recommendation) principles. All nurses attended workshops on assertive communication strategies and focused clinical assessment of the deteriorating patient. Questionnaires were distributed to nurses and doctors at baseline, and post-implementation questionnaires and qualitative data were collected from nurses immediately after the project. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Nurses’ opinions of improvement in structure and content of handover; nurses’ confidence in their communication skills. RESULTS: At baseline, 85% of nurses believed communication needed improvement. After implementation, 68% of nurses believed handover had improved and 80% felt more confident when communicating with doctors. CONCLUSION: Early evidence supports the use of standardised communication tools for handover, together with specific training in assertive communication and patient assessment. Long-term evaluation of patient outcomes is needed. How to cite Internal and External Communication, Papers

Family health assessment free essay sample

As nurses it is essential to use appropriate tools to assess individuals, families, and communities. Throughout this paper the writer used The Gordon’s 11 Functional Health Patterns as a guide to assess a family. This family included a mother, a father, one son, four daughters, and two grandsons. The writer developed two to three open minded, family focused questions for each of the 11 functional health patterns. In this paper the writer summarizes the findings of each functional health patterns of the family, and identifies three wellness nursing diagnoses based on the family assessment. The family being interviewed has a well pattern of health perception and health management. None of the family members have been hospitalized for long periods of time. The family members do not use drugs, or tobacco. Two of the older kids do drink alcohol occasionally, but the rest of the family does not. The family does not have the best nutritional-metabolic patterns. This essay will describe the obtained information on the Joseph family by using the 11 functional health patterns. The values and health perception pattern primarily looks at a person’s view of values and beliefs. The Joseph family had health perceptions that focused on maintaining their wellbeing. Proper dieting, immunizations, and regular checkups were all main interests on the Joseph’s family perception of health. Mr. Joseph is a diabetic, so a healthy diet is crucial in the family. When the whole family changes the way they eat to accommodate Mr. Joseph’s eating style, he gains a sense of motivation and encouragement from the family to improve his health. Mr. Joseph takes the medication that his physician prescribed him. No one in the family smokes, but casual drinking is common during special occasions and holidays. The Joseph family bases their beliefs and lifestyle on Catholic values, and follow them closely. They go to the Catholic Church every Saturday evening and Sunday morning for worship. Overall, the Joseph family has solid values and a good outlook on health. The Joseph family has very well balanced nutritional diet. They eat three meals a day and have occasional snacks in between. Their main meals consist of a lot of rice, vegetables and meats. Fast foods are only had on special occasions. Water, coffee, and tea are the most common liquids they consume. Since Mr. Joseph is diabetic, the entire family changed the way they eat so they could support him. They eat less sugary foods and lean more towards fruits a nd vegetables. Due to this change, the Joseph family has learned a lot about eating healthy and maintaining a good diet. A persons sleeping pattern is important when dealing with the sleep and rest assessment. Everyone in the family sleeps for an average of about 8-12 hours of sleep per night. Mrs. Joseph works night shifts 5 days of the week, so she sleeps in the morning, once the children have gone to school. Since the children have school, they have a set bedtime at 10pm, and everyone wakes up at 6:30am to have family breakfast. Because of their disciplined bedtimes and wake up times, everyone in the family is usually well rested and set for the next day. When looking at the elimination assessment and the excretory patterns, the Joseph family has no issues. Everyone in the family has normal urination and bowel movements. The activities and exercise assessment is based on the amount of time and energy put into exercise and other activities by the family. Despite their busy schedules, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph find time to go for walks at least three times a week. The children take part in school activities and sports to remain active at least twice a week. Staying active and healthy is very important to the Joseph family. The ability to comprehend information and use it properly determines the perception assessment. Both Mr. and Mrs. Joseph have college degrees. Mr. Joseph is currently unemployed, and Mrs. Joseph has a bachelor’s degree in science. She is planning to continue her education in nursing and is determined to earn a master’s degree. They have two children, one in 11th grade and one in 8th grade. There were no cognitive/sensory issues found in this family, and the children don’t have any learning disabilities. Everyone in the family can speak and understand well. Overall, the Joseph family is well educated and has no perceptual problems. A person’s view on their body image and self esteem is important in the self perception assessment. Everyone in the Joseph family seems to have no self esteem issues. They claim to accept themselves for who they are and how they were made. Due to their religious beliefs, they believe that they were created to help spread the gospel throughout the world, and share Gods love to everyone. Every weekend, the family gets together to spread tracts to the people of their neighborhood and to people in the community. The role relationship assessment is defined by an individual’s roles and relationships with others. The Joseph family seems to lead a very family oriented lifestyle. Mrs. Joseph seems to enjoy the little things in life, and enjoys being a wife, mother, and friend. Similarly, Mr. Joseph is happy with his role as being a father and husband. The love and commitment present in this family can serve as a role model to other families. The sexual assessment is defined by a person’s satisfaction with sexual patterns. Due to Mrs. Joseph’s work schedule, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph are not satisfied with their sexual lives. This is becoming an issue because of the lack of intimacy in their relationship. The coping assessment is focused on a person’s view of stress, support systems, and coping techniques. When dealing with an issue, the Joseph family uses their communication skills. Depending on what the situation is, the Josephs rely on prayer, church, family, and friends to help them deal with stressful and tough instances. With the love and support of their close friends, they are able to cope successfully during hard times. The few wellness family diagnoses I chose for the Joseph family is; stress due to Mr. Joseph’s unemployment, ineffective sexual patterns, and fatigue. Due to his unemployment, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph have been under stress for a while. With only one persons income, it is getting harder and harder to meet the all the family’s needs. This puts stress and pressure on both Mr. and Mrs. Joseph. Mrs. Joseph’s work schedule causes her to work night shifts. This leads to ineffective sexual patterns, and fatigue. In conclusion, by using Gordon’s 11 functional health patterns, I was able to gain a better insight of the Joseph family’s perception of health, health issues, and their goals for the future.

Violence On TV Essays (1546 words) - Dispute Resolution, Crime

Violence on TV $115 Designer Cosmetic Collection From Cosmetique -- Only $1! Violence on TV What has the world come to these days? It often seems like everywhere one looks, violence rears its ugly head. We see it in the streets, back alleys, school, and even at home. The last of these is a major source of violence. In many peoples' living rooms there sits an outlet for violence that often goes unnoticed. It is the television, and the children who view it are often pulled into its realistic world of violence scenes with sometimes devastating results. Much research has gone into showing why children are so mesmerized by this big glowing box and the action that takes place within it. Research shows that it is definitely a major source of violent behavior in children. The research proves time and time again that aggression and television viewing do go hand in hand. The truth about television violence and children has been shown. Some are trying to fight this problem. Others are ignoring it and hoping it will go away. Still others don't even seem to care. However, the facts are undeniable. The studies have been carried out and all the results point to one conclusion: Television violence causes children to be violent and the effects can be life-long. The information can't be ignored. Violent television viewing does affect children. The effects have been seen in a number of cases. In New York, a 16-year-old boy broke into a cellar. When the police caught him and asked him why he was wearing gloves he replied that he had learned to do so to not leave fingerprints and that he discovered this on television. In Alabama, a nine-year-old boy received a bad report card from his teacher. He suggested sending the teacher poisoned candy as revenge as he had seen on television the night before. In California, a seven-year-old boy sprinkled ground-up glass into the the lamb stew the family was to eat for dinner. When asked why he did it he replied that he wanted to see if the results would be the same in real life as they were on television (Howe 72). These are certainly startling examples of how television can affect the child. It must be pointed out that all of these situations were directly caused by children watching violent television. Not only does television violence affect the child's youth, but it can also affect his or her adulthood. Some psychologists and psychiatrists feel that continued exposure to such violence might unnaturally speed up the impact of the adult world on the child. This can force the child into a kind of premature maturity. As the child matures into an adult, he can become bewildered, have a greater distrust towards others, a superficial approach to adult problems, and even an unwillingness to become an adult (Carter 14). Television violence can destroy a young child's mind. The effects of this violence can be long-lasting, if not never-ending.For some, television at its worst, is an assault on a child's mind, an insidious influence tat upsets moral balance and makes a child prone to aggressive behavior as it warps his or her perception of the real world. Other see television as an unhealthy intrusion into a child's learning process, substituting easy pictures for the discipline of reading and concentrating and transforming the young viewer into a hypnotized nonthinker (Langone 48). As you can see, television violence can disrupt a child's learning and thinking ability which will cause life long problems. If a child cannot do well in school, his or her whole future is at stake. Why do children like the violence that they see on television? "Since media violence is much more vicious than that which children normally experience, real-life aggression appears bland by comparison" (Dorr 127). The violence on television is able to be more exciting and enthralling than the violence that is normally viewed on the streets. Instead of just seeing a police officer handing a ticket to a speeding violator, he can beat the offender bloody on television. However, children don't always realize this is not the way thing are handled in real life. They come to expect it, and when they don't see it the world becomes bland and in need of violence. The children then can create the violence that their mind craves. The television violence can cause actual violence in a number of ways. As explained above, after viewing television violence theworld becomes bland in comparison. The child needs to create violence to keep himself satisfied (Dorr 127). Also the children find the violent characters

SSA Demanding Disabled Man Pay Back $18,000 in Benefits

SSA Demanding Disabled Man Pay Back $18,000 in Benefits Oregon Couple Claims SSA Seeks Repayment of Benefits An older Oregon couple- he with a degenerative muscle disease and she with a rare form of cancer- claim they are now entangled in a battle with the Social Security Administration (SSA) as they battle for their lives. A detailed article on the couples claims is available here.Last year, the SSA sent the couple a letter indicating the agency was reviewing the couples Social Security Disability (SSD) payments. Months later, they say the SSA sent another letter in which they announced the discontinuation of the husbands SSD and Medicare benefits- which they stated in fine print should have ended last summer.According to the couple, the SSA is also demanding the return of over $18,000 in benefits received since that time. When they tried to apply for a waiver of the repayment requirement, the couple claims the SSA told them to consider selling their house and car.About SSD BenefitsCurrently, applicants who have been approved by the SSA to receive SSD benefits receive, on average, $1,197 e ach month. The typical range for monthly payments is between $700 and $1,700. The SSA reviews and approves each case on an individual basis. The SSA considers previous earnings, current earnings and an applicants dependents- if any- when assigning a value to a claim.  We Can HelpIf you are disabled and unable to work, call Disability Attorneys of Michigan for a free confidential consultation. We’ll let you know if we can help you get a monthly check and help you determine if any money or assets you receive could impact your eligibility for disability benefits.Disability Attorneys of Michigan works hard every day helping the disabled of Michigan seek the Social Security Disability and Veterans Disability benefits they need. If you are unable to work due to a physical, mental or cognitive impairment; call Disability Attorneys of Michigan now for a free consultation at 800-949- 2900.Let Michigan’s experienced disability law firm help you get the benefits you deserve.Dis ability Attorneys of Michigan, Compassionate Excellence. Michigan Social Security Disability Attorneys, Social Security Disability, Social Security Disability Benefits, Social Security Disability Help, social security disability lawyers

An Exploration of Mob Mentality in The Visit

An Exploration of Mob Mentality in The Visit The actions involved in ‘mob mentality’ are a prominent and recurring trend in history, dating back to the beginning of human interaction. Complete social unity was once necessary for the survival and comfort of a group of people. Mob mentality is not solely â€Å"social unity† or the way in which people are influenced by their peers or a leader to behave and think a certain way; it usually includes an element of violence. People in a mob tend to forget their individual inhibitions and follow the impulses of the group, therefore making violent acts ‘easier’ to commit (due to the perceived lack of individual consequences). In the play The Visit, a town of impoverished people becomes the center of attention when a wealthy native comes back to exact long awaited revenge. She offers them a bargain that could save them and the future of their town for the price of one man’s head, sending the entire group into a tailspin centered on the decision of w hether to go through with the terms of the bargain or not. Friederich Dà ¼rrenmatt showcases the evolution of groupthink and the violence of mob mentality through the people of Gà ¼llen as they contemplate how to go about handling their portion of the bargain and begin to act in response to the deal presented to them. The Visit starts out with a group of people sitting by the town train station awaiting the arrival of the famous and immensely wealthy Claire Zachanassian, an event in which everyone in the town has taken part in. They hope to receive a sizeable donation from the heiress to save their wretched home. Upon Claires appearance, the expected gift is offered through a Faustian bargain that Zachanassian has waited years to present. At the town dinner party she calmly states, â€Å"One billion for Gà ¼llen, if someone kills Alfred Ill† (Dà ¼rrenmatt 35). Following a brief moment of shocked silence, the Mayor of Gà ¼llen stands up and retorts, â€Å"In the name of the town of Gà ¼llen, I reject your offer†¦ We would rather be poor than have blood on our hands.† This proclamation is met with tremendous applause (35). The ‘tremendous applause’ that the group immediately responds with is a signal of the townspeople’s affirmation of the Mayor’s re sponse to Claire’s offer, and serves as a primitive indication of the groupthink that is developed throughout the play. It is important to note that, often, mobs that commit acts of violence usually first come together as a group for a benign reason or commonality (such as this non-malicious agreement). While agreeing with the mayor’s decision provided the immediate consequence of getting no money and keeping a clean conscience, this agreement also biased the thoughts of each townsperson from the outset due to the influence of whatever the group and its leaders were also thinking. The expansion of groupthink and the behavior changes of the townspeople are further probed as Zachanassian awaits her justice. The actions of the Gà ¼lleners develop steadily throughout Act II, going from subtle behavior changes to actual physical intimidation (the closest they get to violence until that point). This change showcases the complexity of mob mentality and the evolution of group behavior. Dà ¼rrenmatt also incorporates significant foreshadowing that greatly adds to the suspense of the inevitable mob killing of Ill. It is very important to note that there is not a single, defined leader who directly interacts with the townspeople to influence these changes (as the Mayor did in Act I). There is also a direct contrast between the changes being experienced by the townspeople and Claire, as she is static during this act, continuing to order people around while sitting on her balcony and watching the townspeople below. She is not the â€Å"official† leader of group, but it is easy to argue that her unchanging presence and expectation of the completion of her bargain puts her in a position to (indirectly) influence the evolution of the townspeople’s behavior. These changes are also not shown through the entire group at once, but through smaller groups and then through the town leaders. At the beginning of the act, the audience sees Ill’s insecurity within his own family situation, as he tells his children that their mother could be there for them even if he was not. Customers then come into his store, wearing new, expensive clothing and proceeding to charge even more expensive items to their accounts. Ill notices and points out the fact that the day before, they could not afford any of those things. One of the customers responds, â€Å"It’s because we stand by you. We stick by our Ill. Firm as a rock† (41). These people are not charging such expensive things to their accounts because they have the money to pay for them or because they are in support of Ill; they are anticipating getting the money that they need to buy things such as these. Int eractions with the Police Officer, Mayor, and Pastor all add suspicion and evidence for Ill’s insecurity, as they too have new shoes, a gold tooth, and advice for ‘following the way of repentance’. The townspeople continue to deny that they are changing because of the money, but it is obvious to the audience that each of them has decided that someone else is going to complete the town’s end of the bargain. While this dominant groupthink is an important aspect of mob mentality, the real violence usually associated with mob action is inched towards at the end of Act II at the train station, when the townspeople come together to intimidate Ill into staying in town. While no one touches him, the crowd encircles him, making him feel as if he cannot leave. He misses his train because he thinks that one of them will hold him back if he tries to step off of the platform. The entire group coming together and acting the same way at this point shows that the â€Å"mob has made up its mind† and that the bargain is being accepted. Each individual townsperson came to the same conclusion, and even though such a conclusion is the opposite of what the town originally planned, the loss of individual consequence that a member of a mob experiences allows violence to come easier to everyone. The inescapable ending to the bargain is brought about by an act of true violence, under the direction of the Mayor as the distinct leader in Act III. Inevitably, the agreement is completed and the townspeople of Gà ¼llen get the check to save their town. The true emergence of Claire Zachanassian’s role as the indirect orchestrator for the formation of the mob is shown in Act III, when she is conversing with the Teacher and the Doctor. As they are detailing the devastation of their town, she calmly states an unexpected truth about their situation: â€Å"I own [the factories]I had my agents buy the whole mess and shut every business down†¦..I decided I would come back one day. Now I set the conditions, I drive the bargain† (71-72). She decided to force the town to betray one of their most respected members, after causing their economic downfall, for her long awaited vengeance. Her exclamation also points out the idea that she is the true, although somewhat indirect, leader, as she is the one setting the conditions of their agreement. Later, there is a town gathering in the Golden Apostle Hotel where a vote is tak en, unanimously in favor of killing Ill. The violence of murder is obviously going to occur, marking the final development in the escalation of the mob violence in Gà ¼llen. The Mayor leads the Gà ¼lleners by directly speaking about the crime that Ill has committed and saying that it is time for the town to exact justice upon the man who caused them their poverty. The Teacher reiterated this justification prior to the gathering when he told Ill, â€Å"The temptation is too great and our poverty is too wretched† (85). The townspeople huddle around Ill, and when they step back, he is dead. The completion of the escalation of violence ends with this group murder, an act committed by the entire mob, not just one person, and the bargain that they once fervently refused has been completed. Friederich Dà ¼rrenmatt showed the evolution of groupthink and the violence of a mob through Gà ¼llen as its people contemplated how to handle their portion of the bargain and began to act in response to the deal, which eventually resulted in the death of one of their most respected friends. In the final lines of the play, the consequences of the murder are already evident, as everyone prays together for the â€Å"preservation of peace and freedom†. Already being worried about losing their â€Å"good fortune† shows the effect that the murder had on them, even if they did it as a group. Each person will have to spend the rest of his or her life with the death of Alfred Ill on his or her conscience, as individual consequences come back when the mob dissolves.

CANCER PREVENTION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CANCER PREVENTION - Essay Example Drug research has shown that tamoxifen and raloxifene have limits when it comes to patient acceptance (Goss et al., 2011). In addition, Aromatase inhibitors protect against contralateral breast cancers and show fewer side effects compared to tamoxifene in patients that are fighting with an early stage of cancer (Goss et al., 2011). With such progressive research it can predicted that the future of cancer prevention drugs is bright. Testicular cancer (TC) is a major problem among male cancer patients but it is one of the most curable cancers (Richardson et al., 2012). The survival rates of 100% have been observed in patients that undergo appropriate therapy and proper treatment (Richardson et al., 2012). The same study has also concluded through statistical data that there is an increased risk of developing testicular cancer in low income population (Richardson et al., 2012). The treatment and therapy is available but it is recommended that men should get an annual examination of their testicles to catch the disease at an early manageable state. Richardson et al. (2012) Testicular cancer: A narrative review of the role of socioeconomic position from risk to survivorship. Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations. 30(1), p.

Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Maslows Hierarchy of Needs - Essay Example These two levels, according to Maslow are closely related to each other. While love/belonging generally refers to emotionally-based relationship such as family and friends and safety needs concerns security and order in home and in the workplace. From Maslows perspective on human needs for recognition reward in the workplace, people will not need any sort of material reward if they themselves feel satisfied about the job they have done. In some organizations, an extrinsic reward system may not work because one of its main tenets is providing material rewards (i.e. bonus, gift checks, movie passes) just to persuade an individual to perform better in his work. â€Å"Its not sustainable; if you withdrew the reward, the motivation disappears† (DAusilio, â€Å"What Motivates†). DAusilio also writes in that it is hurts the intrinsic and â€Å"removes their innate desire to do it in his own† (â€Å"What

Creating a database Essay Example for Free

Creating a database Essay Introduction RS Supplies in London is a small business which specialises in the import and export of specialist medical equipment for hospitals as well as for other independent businesses. At the moment all orders have to be processed manually including invoices as there is no order processing system. However, the clientele is growing and Mr Parkes wishes to have a computerised order processing system. He has a computer which is used for typing up and storing invoices, but feels that a computerised system for processing orders and producing invoices is needed. User Requirements. Specifically he would like a system which will:   Hold details of customers and stock;   Process and calculate orders;   Print and store invoices;   Hold and check customer payment details ANALYSIS Initial Investigation Mr Parkes was interviewed to find out more detail about the proposed new order processing system. Payments Any orders for i 10,000 or less will have been paid in advance by customers, and an invoice will follow the payment. Orders for more than i 10,000 require instructions from the customer, therefore in invoice will be sent to the customer and the payment will follow this. Supplier orders and payments. The ordering of products (stock), and payment for them, will not form part of the new system. This will be handled manually by the user. Integration with existing system Each month a record of all payments from customers (in the form of invoices) will be stored in an archive file. This file will be deleted after being copied to an archive file in the existing system. This process will be repeated at the end of each month. Hardware and software Mr Parkes currently has a Pentium 3 500MHz PC with 64MB RAM, 10Gb hard disk and an inkjet printer. He uses Windows 98 as the operating system and has Microsoft Office XP installed on the system. This hardware will be sufficient enough to implement a system. The new system will be developed on a college network and on a desktop similar to the one described above. All files will need to fit on a 31/2 floppy disk for easy transportation between home and college, and some files may need to be compressed. The college network uses 800MHZ Pentium Dell PCs with 128MB RAM and are connected to both a laser and inkjet printer. A comparison of available solutions and software packages can be found in the Design Section. Users skill level Mr Parkes uses his PC for word processing and calculating orders as well as using the internet and E-mail. He is familiar with Internet Explorer, Word and Excel, but has never encountered Access. Data flow diagram The following data flow diagram illustrates the process of entering orders, invoicing and payments Objectives of the new system The system must perform the following functions:   Allow customer details and orders to be entered and edited easily and quickly   Allow invoices to be calculated, created, stored and printed Allow payment details to be entered and stored   Security of data via passwords and backup of data   Allow the user to search for specific products Performance Indicators The following are performance indicators: 1. The system must be flexible and versatile enough to hold any number of orders/invoices for a particular client. 2. Invoices should be calculated and printed in under 2 minutes. 3. The system should backup the information quickly and must be accessible easily. 4. It must take no longer than 10 seconds to search for a particular product. 5. It must not take longer than 5 seconds to search for the details of a particular customer. 6. The system must be able to allow the user to contact a client for any purpose by phone or e-mail. DESIGN Consideration of solutions There are a number of methods of developing the new system. 1. Manual system. This would be very tedious as invoices have to be word processed, printed and then kept in a folder for future reference. Clients would have to send an order by fax only and not over the phone, which means that the user would have to look up products and their prices in catalogues which would be very time-consuming. The calculation of invoices would be a lengthy process and there may be a lot of errors. 2. Spreadsheet system. This would allow Mr Parkes to keep details of customers, products and payments on separate sheets. The calculation of invoices would be made easier to some degree. However, it would take a long time to enter data and the format of reports is much harder in Excel as well. 3. A purposely designed system. This would obviously have a lot of advantages as the system would cater for every aspect of the business activities and functions. However the cost of this kind of package is very high and Mr Parkes would have to think twice before going ahead with this. 4. Existing system. The existing system doesnt have the ability to calculate, store and print invoices and consists of a very lengthy procedure (as stated in Manual system above), so it would not be appropriate. 5. Access database. The new system can be developed using Access, as it is a relational database which is currently installed on the users computer and on the college network. Final choice software This system will be implemented using Access XP. This package is suitable as it has many features which can be used in developing the system, such as:   The ability to link tables via a primary key and foreign key;   The ability to create a menu by using the switchboard function;   The use of macros to automate certain tasks;   The use of mail merge to create standardised documents; The ability to set a password to prevent unauthorised access;   Facilities which allow the creation of reports which can be formatted as required, and previewed before printing. Database design Entity-relationship diagram There are four entities in the database related as follows: Table design The four tables are defined as follows: CUSTOMER TABLE Field Name Data Type Description/Validation CUSTOMER ID Text (5) Primary key CUSTOMER NAME Text (20) ADDRESS Text (50) TELEPHONE NUMBER 1 Number Long Integer TELEPHONE NUMBER 2 Number Long Integer MOBILE NUMBER Number Long Integer FAX NUMBER Number Long Integer. Text (40) PRICE Number Long Integer, Currency QUANTITY Number Long Integer TOTAL Number Long Integer, Currency Form Design There will be four forms for data entry: CUSTOMER FORM This form allows the user to add, edit and delete customer details, as well as allowing the user to contact a customer using an AutoDialer. PAYMENT FORM This allows the user to import customer details from the Invoice form, enter the total amount of a customers order, and store the data in the Payment table. INVOICE FORM This allows the user to enter the details of a customers order(s), such as the product and its price etc. It also allows the user to create and print an invoice for any customer. The user can contact customers via e-mail through the use of a hyperlink to the e-mail client. PRODUCT TABLE This allows the user to add, edit and delete products. FORM Query design All processing of data will be carried out using queries which are run by macros on specific forms as described below: 1. Query1 When an order is entered through the Invoice form, the data is stored in Invoice table. From this table, the data is sent to the query, which allows the user to search for a specific order and check the details. This is possible because an expression is entered in the criteria section of the Customer ID field in the query. Invoices are created and printed from this form via a report with the same name as the query. 2. ProductQuery The user can search for specific products using the PRODUCT CODE. The following expression will be entered into the criteria section of the Product Code field of the query: [ENTER PRODUCT CODE]. When the query is opened, a dialogue box will appear asking the user to enter the product code, after which the query appears displaying the relevant data. 3. PAYMENT This allows the user to search for the payment details of QUERY specific customers using their CUSTOMER ID. The expression: [ENTER CUSTOMER ID], is entered in the Criteria section of the Customer ID field in the query. This displays the total amount of the order. 4. CUSTOMER QUERY This query uses the same expression as that for Payment Query to display the contact details of a specific customer. Report design Reports are used to produce the invoice as they can be customised by the user. Query1 This report is used to create the invoice. It is made from the query of the same name. The invoice structure consists of the records for each product a customer Macro design Macros are used for opening and closing forms, queries and reports, as well as importing data from one form to another, backup of tables, message boxes and record navigation. QTYmacro This is a macro which imports the Customer name and ID from the Customer Order Form to the Payment Form. (This is run when the user clicks on IMPORT CUSTOMER DETAILS on the Payment Form, but only runs when the Customer Order Form is open and minimised) MSG11 This macro displays two dialogue boxes when certain conditions in the design of the macro are satisfied. This macro is attached to the Total field on the Payment Form. (This macro is run when the user enters an amount in the Total field, which is less than i 10,000 or greater than i 10,000 and then clicks on CHECK PAYMENT) BACKUP INVOICE TABLEmacro This macro is used to backup data from the Invoice table to a database on a floppy disk. (This macro is run when the user clicks on BACKUP INVOICE TABLE on the Backup Form. There are three more macros like this which copy the tables in Table design above to the floppy disk) Menu design The menu will be created manually. Below are the notes on the implementation of the menu: There will be six buttons on the main menu which open the following forms: The main menu will appear automatically when the database is opened, and the main database window will be hidden. The application will show the company name and logo in the top left-hand corner (Title bar) of the application window. This will be done using TOOLS, STARTUP. Security The database will be password protected as it is vital that only authorised personnel have access to the database. All printed invoices will be stored in a separate file and kept safely in an archive, therefore fraud/tampering with documents can be avoided. Test Strategy The test strategy will include the following:   The testing of each form, macro, report query;   Testing the functionality of the system i. e. each menu item, command button;   Checking the system by running through a series of tests;   Establishing whether or not the system meets the end-users requirements. Test plan Test No. Test Expected result 1. Test password/startup Only 147 accepted and Main menu opens with company logo and name 2. Test Main Menu options All forms open correctly, Application closes when CLOSE selected. 3. Delete customer record for DJ001 Record deleted 4. Check that totals are calculated correctly by opening Query1 for AP001 Query opens showing all records for AP001 with correct totals 5. Check Invoice details for AP001 Invoice opens in print preview showing all records for AP001 6. Check Print Invoice function for AP001 Invoice prints correctly 7. Check AutoDialer for D. JACKSON Number dialled correctly 8. Check E-mail hyperlink Correct web page (www. hotmail. com) opened 9. Check Backup of Invoice Table The backup is successful and no error messages appear 10. Check Import of customer details for AP001 Details imported successfully 11. Check CHECK PAYMENT function for AP001. Dialogue box appears displaying the message CONTACT CUSTOMER FOR INSTRUCTIONS 12. Test Quit Application Application closes when CLOSE selected Test data set 1: Customer Table Test data set 2: Invoice table Test data set 3: Test data set 4: User testing The system will be tested by the end-user. This testing may reveal some functions and features of the system which do not work as the user would have liked them to. IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTING Test results Test 1: Test password/startup (Only 147 accepted) (Main menu opens after correct password is entered, displaying company name and logo on title bar) Test 2: Test Main Menu options. (All forms open, application closes when CLOSE is selected see screenshots in User Guide. ) Test 3: Delete customer record for DJ001 (Record deleted after DELETE RECORD was selected) Test 4: Check that totals are calculated correctly by opening Query1 for AP001 The invoice is calculated by selecting the required products from the combo boxes, entering the quantity required of each product, then clicking in the Total field to calculate the total for that record. Each successive product is entered by the same procedure, except that a new record has to be added for every new product which is to be entered. Below is a screenshot of the Invoice form from which the details of AP001 will be imported. The Invoice form is minimised and the IMPORT CUSTOMER DETAILS button on the Payment form is selected to perform the operation, as shown on the next page. The above screenshot shows the imported details for AP001 (The details were imported successfully) Test 11: Check CHECK PAYMENT function for AP001 The above screenshot shows the dialogue box PAYMENT CHECK. (The dialogue box appears displaying the message CONTACT CUSTOMER FOR INSTRUCTIONS) Test 12: Test Quit Application (Application closes when CLOSE is selected and the above screen is displayed. ) EVALUATION Performance criteria 1. The system can hold any number of orders for a particular client because each client has a unique CUSTOMER ID which distinguishes one customers order from another customers order. 2. It takes around 1-2 minutes to calculate, view and print a customers invoice. 3. The system is able to backup the tables, which hold important information, easily and can be accessed quickly as well. 4. It takes a maximum of 5 seconds to search for a particular product. 5. It takes around 5 seconds to search for the details of a customer, whether its payment details or contact details. 6. The system allows the user to contact a customer by both telephone and e-mail. USER MANUAL Introduction This application is designed to:   Hold details of customers and their orders;   Hold details of products;   Create and print invoices;   Allow the user to search for both customers and products. It is designed to run on a PC with Windows 98 as its operating system and needs Access XP to be installed. It requires around 2 Mb of disk space to store the application and at least the same again to store data. Starting the system Load Access XP and from the menu select File, Open. The database is called RS Supplies. Security and passwords You will be asked to enter the password on opening the database. The password is currently 147, but you should change this immediately by opening the database in OPEN EXCLUSIVE mode, then select Tools, Security, Unset Database Password. The main menu When the correct password is entered, the main menu will open, as shown below: The Invoice Form The Backup Form The Product Query (Product Query for product code C5073) The Payment Form The Customer Form Invoice Form Selecting this form will bring up the following: Calculate and print invoices The following steps are used to calculate and print invoices:   The combo boxes on the right-hand side are used to enter information in the corresponding text boxes on the left-hand side;   The quantity of a product is typed in manually;   Once all data has been entered, click on the TOTAL text box;   This calculates the total for the chosen quantity and adds VAT at 17. 5%; If more products need to be added, simply click on NEW RECORD and enter the CUSTOMER ID, then carry on as above;   Once the order is complete, go back to the first record and click on MAKE INVOICE. You will be asked to enter the Customer ID. After this, the query opens, check the data, then close the query.   You will return to the Invoice Form, where you click on V  Enter the total amount of the order in the TOTAL field;   Click on CHECK PAYMENT to determine whether or not a payment has been made for that order. Quit Application This is done by clicking on CLOSE on the main menu. However, this doesnt close Access. Backups You should backup the database to a floppy disk at regular intervals, and store the disk in a safe place. TECHNICAL MANUAL This manual is for more experienced users of Access as this allows the user to maintain or enhance the system. Macros The screenshot of the macro MSG11 gives an overview of the message box macro: This macro is attached to the On Click event property of the CHECK PAYMENT button on the Payment form The above two screenshots show the macro MSG11 in design view. There are two different conditions which display two different messages. The screenshot of the macro QTYmcr gives an overview of the SetValue macro: This is a SetValue macro which imports data from the Invoice form to the Payment form. This screenshot of the BACKUP INVOICE TABLEmacro gives an overview of the copy object macro: This macro is used to copy the INVOICE TABLE from the database RS Supplies.

Attitudes of War in Ancient Civilizations Essay -- essays research pap

Chapter Eight War and Society reveals the attitudes about war in both ancient Rome and China. These attitudes prove that in these cases perhaps it is safe to say that wars are not inevitable or natural but were caused by warlike societies and social situations. After reading bits and pieces of both the ancient Roman and Chinese history, one can only gain a greater perspective on how these attitudes derived. In 391 nomads called the Gauls defeated a small army of Roman aristocrats and burnt down the town of Rome. After this attack, Rome rebuilt its town and changed it into an empire, which spread its laws, culture, and peace from the North. Rome was convinced that after this first invasion, it was necessary to change their military. Over time the Romans were able to conquer most of Italy. As the Romans began to gain power and land, they set their eyes on larger obstacles. This is when Roman attitude was perhaps revealed about the subject of war. Romans believed that their expansion had been inevitable so they were to believe that they were blameless, and that their ancestors had been more than a passive tool of destiny. They believed that other areas, posed as possible threats and that it was necessary â€Å"for defensive reasons† to attack first. Today, these can be viewed as possibly preventive wars. But during the time of the expansion of the Roman Empire, a preventive war wasn’t a concern. Other views were demonstrated in their actions, that although at first Romans were unable to take Carthage, they kept trying, and over time, and most likely many deaths, the Roman soldiers wore them down. Rome was like a bulldozer and used their skilled military to their advantage, to take over and destroy anything that it set its eyes on. Their actions, such as later completely destroying Carthage and massacring the majority of its population all because it posed as a potential economic threat to Roman land. These views or attitudes of war can be easily seen, war was not considered a preventive war, but a necessary war, although many times, it was clearly unnecessary and the fall of the Roman Empire, eventually gave the Roman commanders what they deserved. On the flipside, ancient Chinese attitude toward war was quite similar to that of the Romans. Warfare in this society was common and accepted, the idea of honor also coincides with their attitude toward war. â€Å"When ... ...e end. I believe that this closely relates to the early context of â€Å"Is the Glory of War a Boy Thing?† Because I believe one can easily glorify both the rise of the empires as a courageous and powerful movement, rather then closely looking at the true outcome of these wars. A Pericles type of funeral oration would have possibly been effective in ancient Rome or China, because at the time both were such powerful empires, people would have easily been convinced to believe practically anything. How can one find it just, to kill practically a whole society because they pose as a possible threat to economy because they too, are growing grapes? Pericles states in his oration that the people under his society are the best, and that it was perfectly acceptable to dominate other areas. He also mentions ancestors, and the pride in Athens, so its important to praise and glorify those who died. Isn’t it funny how history repeats itself? The Romans believed that because felt threatened it was okay to dominate other lands, and their ancestors faced hardships with the nomads it was acceptable to do so in return. Or the Chinese, who believed that war a proper, powerful, and masculine act of man.

Godiva Chocolatier Swot

Introduction Godiva has for a long time now being among the leading corporations in its area of expertise, chocolate. Currently, it records a sale of 500 million USD per year. It offers a very interactive, as well as customer service, where consumers are able to feel the staffs’ sincerity. Company history Godiva Chocolatier is a multinational Company that deals with manufacturing of premium chocolates and other products related to chocolates. Godiva was founded in 1926, in Belgium, but later purchased by the Turkish Yildiz Holdings, the owner of Ulker Group.It opened its first boutique shop in the Grand Place in Brussels. The company went global through opening its first shop outside Belgium in Paris, France in 1958. The company expanded further and by 1966, the company products had reached United States where most of the products were sold mostly in luxury strip malls. Godiva has more than 600 retail shops and boutiques that it owns and operates in various countries such as U nited States, Asia, Europe, as well as Canada.The corporation is also available through more than 10,000 specialty retailers. This company, in addition, to chocolates offers other products such as truffles, biscuit, and fruits, cocoa, among several other foods and beverages (Godiva History and FAQ (2004). The company by the year 2007 had reported annual sales of 500 million USD. It is in the same year that the company announced its interest in exploring various strategic alternatives among them being divestiture.However, in December, 2007, the company announced its interest in selling Godiva to one of the largest and prominent consumer goods manufacturer in the Turkish food industry, and by 2008, the process was completed, and Yildiz Holdings gained ownership of this company (Adelman, Andrews, & Lee, 2007). Currently, this company continues to own and carry its operations in with more than 400 shops globally. The company has embraced the new technology of online shopping and current ly it issue 6 seasonal mails order catalogs annually in United States, as well as accepting online and telephone orders for their goods (Godiva History and FAQ (2004).Godiva operations in Singapore Singapore can be an interesting market to penetrate through direct investment or franchising. Godiva has directly invested in Singapore through setting up shops and boutiques in several cities in Singapore. This country is strategically situated at the southern tip of the Malaysian Peninsula. It consists of Singapore islands, several islets within its territorial waters. The land is characterized by undulated land with low hills. Therefore, the country is well accessible due to its accessibility through land, water, and air.Singapore is currently regarded as one of the most dynamic cities globally where people can work, invest, and live in (Ghosh, 2010). It is globally connected with a multicultural and international city states and towns and offers one of the best conducive environments globally to do business and for success driven industries. For about four decades now, Singapore has undergone tremendous transformation from a place of national business to one of the world’s prominent financial centers, sea hubs and international airports.Additionally, it has become one of the most open economies for both trade and investment nationally and globally. Companies and organizations operating in this country are guaranteed access to competent and unbiased judicial system, transparency and consistence in government guidelines, implementation of strong and good corporate governance policy, as well as anticorruption policies. Godiva, after carefully market research in Singapore, developed strategies of entering into this market. Godiva Company has invested directly through setting up store and shops for selling its products.It has three stores in this country that are situated in main locations, for example, in large cities and islands where there is easy accessibi lity and convenient for customers shopping their products. There are vast Infrastructures in this country, and thus the company has taken this opportunity and introduced online shopping for its products. The products in this market are not only purchased through the retail shop, but through online services where the customers purchase chocolate products in the comfort of their homes.The company has a plan of diverting more attention to Singapore, since Singapore is one of the wealthiest and prosperous nations and thus the demand for premium goods and services is high. Additionally, it has a population of approximately 5 million with a growth rate of about 24%. Therefore, this gives the company a wider target market. Competitive analysis Godiva has many competitors situated in Singapore. It faces competition from both local and international industries. For example, Royce and the Chocolate Research Facility is a local company in Singapore and a rival of this company.Other competitors in this industry include Leonidas, and Teuscher, among others. However, despite the harsh competition in this industry, this company has always been talked about by the lovers of chocolate. They trust and remain loyal to the company since the company is well known in the provision of high class and premium products which satisfy the customers. Therefore, despite the advantage the other competitors could have in this industry, for example, the local company, it still have a competitive edge in terms of winning the customer loyalty through providing products of substance.Future of the company in Singapore According to the forecast made in Singapore, there will be a 17% growth rate for the chocolate industry. Majority of the customers of Godiva Company are age group of between 30 and 40 years who are in the working class and, therefore, can afford these premium products. However, according to research, the economy is expected to pick up, and thus younger people from the age of between 20-30 years will increasingly earn more income, and they will be more willing to spend more as their disposable income increases.This group of consumers mostly looks for premium and highly customized products. Therefore, the company will be better situated to compete in this industry. Godiva Gems products and brand Godiva offers its chocolate products in various brands and variety of flavors in order to capture a wider market, as well as meet all the customers’ demands and specifications. Some of the flavors include truffles, fresh creams, fruits, chocolate bars, caraques, among several others. The customer has created a variety of more than seventy products of those customers who demand customized goods.The company, in addition, offers other more than 100 varieties for various occasions such as for gifts personal indulgence, special occasions like cocktail meetings and home entertaining chocolate products. Traditionally, the company use to pack the products in Godivaâ€℠¢s classic gold ballotin, but currently the company has styled up and now uses stylish seasonal packaging for all its customers. In addition, the company sells other complementary products to these chocolates products which include Godiva ice cream, Godiva white chocolate liquor, among others.Godiva customize its chocolate products to meet and fit in the demand of local cultures. For example, the taste and flavors of Godiva products in US is different from that of Europe. A lot of milk and sugar products are added when preparing chocolate for American market. Godiva's Marketing Strategy for Godiva Gem in Singapore Market segmentation Marketing segmentation is significant for any business that wants to excel in any industry. It helps a company identify segments with similar characteristics such as buying behavior (Zonis, 2009). Godiva chocolates have created two segment; corporate segment and affluent retail market.The corporate segment has two main groups for a particular purpose. T he first key group is for business gifts giving. This is a round the clock market but does not have peak times during holiday gifts and presents giving season. The other group in the corporate segment is for corporate incentives programs. These programs are exploited by corporate rewards, sales incentives, as well as recognition. The affluent retail market entails retails clients and customers who have a preference for premium and expensive products. The largest group for these products is found in London.In Singapore, the market can be divided to include the haves and the have not. The market can be divided to reach those with low earnings, as well as those with high earnings ((Cohen, 2004). Product differentiation Godiva is an established company in many parts of the world and have won the trust and loyalty of many customers globally. In Singapore, though the products are expensive, many customers prefer buying from Godiva shops as opposed to other shops in the same industry. This is because the company positioned its products to offer high premium products and of a different variety.Therefore, many customers are aware of the quality of the Godiva products, and, therefore, remain loyal to the company despite the increase in price. This gives this company a competitive edge in this industry. Product positioning Product positioning is the unique way of offering the products in the market. Godiva company apart from offering exceptional products in terms of quality, it has a variety of packaging which attracts customers. For example, many customers require custom made products and package which the company is able to offer widely.In addition, there are varieties of products for different occasions such as for special gifts. The company has over 100 varieties of products for various occasions. This gives it a competitive edge over the other companies in this industry since it is able to tap a bigger market. Marketing target Godiva chocolate deals with Chocolates products and, therefore, the main target of its market is chocolate lovers. These are people mostly love indulging in rich and delicious products, for example, products in the world of chocolate.The company has a variety of products that its offers in the market depending on the customers demands. Some of the varieties of products include white chocolate, fruit , dark chocolate, milk chocolate, chocolate shakes, among other varieties. The target market of Godiva consists mostly of the world class or the rich since the chocolate products are expensive and are only affordable to the rich. To capture this world class group, the company offers a variety of packaging designs, which are artfully designed to fit the targeted people. Product strategyGodiva chocolate shops and boutiques offer a wide variety of their super-premium selections chocolates products. The selection includes the company newly introduced chocolate products which include Nippon, Romaine, seventy two percent cocoa Demi tasse, and Creole. Godiva Company has placed its products where customers can easily access them. For example, it offers a variety of products in its website to enable customers view the existing products and the latest products. The products are also available for online shopping to enable the customers shop from their homes.Packing of products, on the other hand, differs from country to country to meet different needs of the customer. For example, in United States chocolates are pre-packed but in Singapore, chocolates collections are custom made. The company has a new packing strategy, which is to sell chocolates in assortments, which are hand made so as to enhance innovation, as well as differentiation from competitors. Price In Europe, Godiva does not have much say in terms of setting up prices for their products.This is because the prices were standardized by the European Union, and; therefore, the company must comply with the union and standardize its prices. The price has als o increased for most of the Godiva products, and the market has not yet accepted. The company wishes to borrow a leaf from the wine tasting that were held at local wine shop, and educate its consumers on why it is worth to buy chocolate products at the set price. In addition, the forecast shows that there will be an increase in the growth rate and; therefore, the economy is expected to pick up.The company, therefore, is deciding on working on the quality of the product to be reflected in the high prices set. Many people will also be able to afford these products at that price because the income will go up and so will their disposable income. The pricing strategy includes establishing further premium pricing on those products that are best selling for retail rich segments and come up with the best pricing and volume combination. For the affluent retail segment, which have achieved an average growth rate, the company plans on maintaining the current pricing for the rest of the product s.Introduction of discount pricing for all the corporate segment for the first time client, and also a for longer time clients, that is, those clients that have been in business for more than three years. This strategy is for helping in attracting more clients, as well as maintaining the existing ones. Channels of distribution The company first decides to increase its distribution channels in London without necessary increasing its investment in actual stores. This will be done through association with third party premium retail channels.The company desires to increase distribution channels outside London utilizing similar associate if the strategy works in London. The aim of this strategy is to decrease the investment in stores which in the past has been seen to negatively impact on returns of this company. The company has various options to consider, for example, to distribute the chocolate premium products aggressively across many channels. However, this would have a large drawba ck on the company since it would dilute the premium luxury brand name. The second option would be to identify premium retail channels of distributions and utilize them.One possible premium retail channel tie-up that can be considered is Starbucks Coffee. Promotion strategy The aim of Godiva promotion message into the global and common campaign is to unify its advertising message. However, this strategy is difficult because of the difference in the individual market around the world. The company has a new goal in promotion, which is to raise the rate of the purchase of chocolate products for gifts, special occasions, and for self consumption. In addition, the company in its advertising campaign wants to give the brand name a youthful appearance.Since women do most of the purchasing, advertising should, therefore, focus on women magazines and billboards. In entering new markets, the company will focus on the product and its promotions. Therefore, the company should develop and initial promotion strategy in order to gain some market share in Singapore. The company can start with giving free samples in order to create free publicity. Another form of advertising that Godiva can introduce is the Godiva Theater. Godiva Theater is a domestic strategy that can be used in promotion of products, in Singapore.Customers through this promotion strategy can watch their chocolate products produced through the glass viewing area, and they can, therefore, enjoy chocolate fresh made. The strategy of unifying Godiva image globally is a viable strategy. However, having conflicting brand images can cause confusion and misunderstanding between markets, as well as in the company. Since Singapore is a technologically advanced state, Godiva should design its advertising to be mostly on televisions and internet. The company should also try to get a celebrity to use in advertising.This is because; having a celebrity or a role model promote the chocolate products, as well as the companyâ €™s image will increase the interest of Godiva and its products. The company, once the brand is accepted in the market can go back to the word of mouth form of advertising. Godiva Company uses two types of production methods in manufacturing various sizes and shapes of the chocolates products. They include enrobing and shell-molding. Shell molding is mostly practiced in Europe and is used in manufacturing most of the Godiva chocolates. This method has enabled the company to design unique olds, giving them unique style, and sophisticated confections, which are easily recognized as Godiva. When these collections of the shell-molded chocolates are packed in one of the stylish package, they become appealing even to the most discerning customers in the market. Conclusion and recommendations Godiva is one of the most prominent companies in the chocolate industry. According to the above analysis, this company is highly preferred by many lovers of chocolate in all the place its has set stores. In Singapore particularly, the company is exceedingly doing well.This is because of its exceptional chocolate products in terms of quality, packaging and variety of chocolate products. The company, therefore, despite the increase in the prices of its products still attracts a substantial number of customers that can sustain it in the market. My recommendation would be since according to forecast, the Singapore economy is expected to rise in the future, which means the people earnings will go up including the youth of below 30 years, the products should be given a youthful appearance to attract the youth. This will consequently increase the target market for Godiva products.

Extended commentary of ‘The Darkling Thrush’ by Thomas Hardy Essay

On the title: A thrush is a bird; plump, soft-plumaged, small to medium-sized, often inhabiting wooded areas. They feed on the ground or eat small fruit – but aren’t famed for their songs. Examples include a robin. ‘Darkling’ is an archaic word for ‘a creature of darkness’ or ‘in the dark’. Hardy uses it in its latter sense – the bird appears in a very gloomy scene, at the end of the day, at the end of the year (and century, for that matter). It also has negative connotations as well, however – for obvious reasons. Potential other implications: ‘darkling’ is perhaps used to create a diminutive form of the thrush (like a ‘duckling’). Other critics have identified the title as explaining, or preparing the reader for the unexpected advent of the bird half way through the poem, appearing into the scene from nowhere. Perhaps Hardy was attempting to use an antiquitated word to further demonstrate the bird is bringing joy to a dark land, and that there exists an enormous time difference between the new century and the old? Overall Structure: Hardy uses four regular eight line iambic stanzas; in either ‘tetrameter’ or ‘trimeter’, depending on the length of the line. This meter creates a poetic lilt, with alternate stressed feet. It seems very out of place in such a depressing poem – we must question why this is. Does it reflect the hope expressed at the end of the poem, or prepares us for it? Or does it tell of an oddity within the persona; is his negative manner actually genuine – perhaps we shouldn’t accept the persona’s judgment/emotions to the same extent as he’d like us to? His choice of rhyme scheme and meter along with the harsh subject fail to match up. Themes: Time (passing of century), Isolation, Man and the Natural World. Difficult Language Notes: ‘Darkling’ – discussed above. ‘Illimited’ is an archaic form of ‘unlimited’. First and Second Stanza Notes: As usual, Hardy presents us with an image, this time of a landscape – a depressing one, at that. This poem was published at the end of the century – 31st December 1900 (Hardy was one of those people who believe that a century is complete when the hundredth year is over.) It is very cold and frosty and the day is growing to a close. It really is the end of a century. And Hardy presents us with a very clear image of death – he later personifies the Century itself as being dead. The first two stanzas are full of death-language: 1. â€Å"When Frost was spectre-gray†. A clear example of ghost imagery (‘a spectre’). This line is of interest on its own, due to the obvious personification of ‘Frost’. This is a good place to make a key note about the poem itself. Throughout, we discover a distinct Hardy-esque style; the environment is unpleasant and it demonstrates his usual antics in animism. Hardy develops complex (and often deeply personal) symbolic systems which deal almost exclusively with the natural world. The reader is made personal with non-human entities like frost and birds but avoids people – even the persona is a subject avoided in great detail. 1. Back with the ‘death imagery’, â€Å"The weakening eye of day†; a comment on the darkening sky – the day is dying. 1. â€Å"All mankind that haunted nigh† – haunted is clearly a reference to death and ghosts. Hardy is commenting on the lack of human life in his scene; they â€Å"had sought their household fires†. A further indication of the low temperature. Is it a hint that the world is ending? Or is that just a little extreme? In any case, note how the rest of humanity are seeking light in an otherwise dark environment. The second stanza contains an extended metaphor involving the dead century, but we need to examine the first stanza more before moving on. Hardy’s persona is leaning upon a coppice gate – a gate into a small woods or ‘coppice’. It is a highly ambiguous persona (another thing to explore), but he leans nevertheless. The scene is wintry, indeed, along with Frost, Winter is personified equally – â€Å"Winter’s dregs made desolate/ The weakening eye of day.† The dregs of the season indicate a very cold atmosphere; one without much colour. Clearly this has emptied the scene of any colourful sight upon which the â€Å"eye of day† weakens. The day is ending; thus dusk darkens the scene. â€Å"Tangled bine-stems scored the sky/ Like strings of broken lyres†. As before mentioned, the persona is standing in woodland, thus â€Å"Bine-stems† are tree branches. Hardy’s comparison of them to broken lyres is interesting. Lyres are a) harmonious in Classical literature and b) belong only in Classical literature. Hardy is clearly stating that the scene is not ‘harmonious’ or perhaps the ‘death-lament’ later mentioned isn’t. Or is it also a reference Hardy’s romantic passion for the past, that it was somehow better than the day in which he writes? Second Stanza Notes: The first four lines of this stanza deal explicitly with Hardy’s ‘dead Century’ metaphor. He imagines the land before him as â€Å"the Century’s corpse outleant.† Quite what ‘outleant’ means, I have no idea, (The OED has confirmed that ‘outleant’ is not, nor ever has been a word) but â€Å"his crypt [becomes] the cloudy canopy† (the cloudy sky) and â€Å"the wind his death-lament†. One need not explain it in any more detail; the implications are quite explicit. Hardy’s persona clearly didn’t approve of the past century, but had yet to indicate an emotional reflection on the future. He imagines England as a rotting corpse, essentially. However, note the use of the verb ‘seems’ – is all as it seems? However, Hardy goes on to write even more damningly of his persona’s scene. ‘The ancient pulse of germ and birth’ – the regenerative power of life, following Winter’s onslaught – ‘was shrunken dry and hard’. Nothing appears to be growing back – is this another indication of the end of the world, or certainly of an era. Hardy appears to be making the simple change of an arbitrary number into something quite different, and more serious. A degeneration of life itself. Indeed, â€Å"every spirit upon earth/ Seemed fervourless than I.† Very negative. Observe how silent the description is up to this point in the poem. There is an implied sound in both the death-lament and of broken lyres, but otherwise, the sound is non-existent. That changes soon. Here comes the VOLTA. Third Stanza Notes: â€Å"At once a voice arose among The bleak twigs overhead In a full-hearted evensong Of Joy illimited;† Hardy emphasizes a sudden change with the words â€Å"At once† – indeed, there are multiple changes which create this volta: * Note the sudden inclusion of sound – the thrush is singing! This breaks the poetic still (of death) which has held the poem so far. * The length of ‘sentence’ also changes. Note the semicolon at the end of these four lines above. Previously, each quatrain had completed with a full stop. Perhaps Hardy is opening up his poetic form to mirror the sudden movement in the lines themselves. The use of enjambment accentuates this. There are perhaps religious connotations with ‘evensong’. Much as Hardy may simply be again referring to the mundane fact that the bird is singing a ‘song’ and ‘eve’, we pray that the man is capable of higher minded comparisons. These vaguely religious nuances are maintained throughout the poem. The crucial fact is that the mood has changed, perhaps. â€Å"Of Joy illimited† suggests a pleasant image, which stands in stark contrast to the surrounding gloom. â€Å"An aged thrush, frail, gaunt, and small, In blast-beruffled plume,† Yet the mood is suddenly plunged back into the red with Hardy’s following lines. The thrush, which is, admittedly, a very odd bird to chose (not famed for their song), is an elderly figure in a storm – hence the ‘blast-beruffled plume’. In this otherwise grim situation, the reader’s immediate concern is whether the bird itself is going to survive at all! The use of â€Å"frail, gaunt, and small† mirrors the ghoulish imagery used in the first two stanzas – the thrush is alive, for certain, but perhaps the persona questions for how much longer? Note how the thrush is NOT personified. Every other element of the natural world takes an animated form, but not the bird! Why does Hardy do this? â€Å"Had chosen thus to fling his soul Upon the growing gloom.† Perhaps desperation is the key word in this stanza, but also hope. There is a powerful message in the face of this ghoulish bird; that, in spite of all the darkness and death, the thrush maintains his song. Stanza Four Notes: â€Å"So little cause for carolings Of such ecstatic sound Was written on terrestrial things Afar or nigh around,† Once again, Hardy’s use of enjambment allows for the lines to ‘bleed’ into each other – in a direct contrast to the poem’s former rigidity. Perhaps he is now gathering momentum for a change in mood? Yet, in terms of sense, Hardy appears to be doing the opposite. He states that the bird has no reason to be singing a joyful song amongst so much desolation. However, perhaps, by even considering such a fact, the persona’s own deep-rooted pessimism is beginning to shift away? On some key language points: * Note more religious emphasis: ‘carolings’ typically sing hymns at Christmas time. Hymns are definitely religious! * Perhaps there is an equally religious connotation which Hardy applies to his comments on the ‘terrestrial things’. If there is not any cause for singing about things on Earth, then perhaps, reciprocally, there is cause for celebrating the sky, or heaven? â€Å"That I could think there trembled through His happy good-night air Some blessed Hope, whereof he knew And I was unaware.† It is a rather ambiguous ending upon which Hardy chooses to conclude, but he achieves a sense of dramatic effect through it. The persona realises the presence of (a perhaps religious) hope, in the fact of utter desperation, but it is unintelligible to him. In an odd way, the reader is forced to consider whether the persona is being entirely accurate: * Can one be unaware of something, yet still able to write about it? * Does this tell us that the persona, as a Modernist, is able to perceive such an uplifting messages but unable to interpret them in such a way as to ‘release’ himself from the ‘dark’? Hardy himself was a modernist and therefore dwells upon an odd lot of ideas. Amongst them was ‘searching for hope/meaning to darkness and cruelty’. Despite being a realist, he was deeply influenced by Romantic notions (look them up) – perhaps this exploration is one of them? * The use of ‘blessed’ again implies a deified presence within the thrush’s message. Is the persona experiencing some divine inspiration?

Innovation Report for Bajaj Essays

Innovation Report for Bajaj Essays Innovation Report for Bajaj Essay Innovation Report for Bajaj Essay 1. A critical review of its overall business strategy. (15%) Introduction of the company The group was founded in 1926, from the height of the British independent movement in India has a glorious history. Bajaj Group is one of the top 10 commercial establishments in India. Its footprint across a wide range of industry sectors, including automobiles (two-wheelers and three-wheelers). The Groups flagship company, Bajaj Auto, is listed as the worlds fourth largest two-and three-wheeled motorcycle manufacturer Bajaj brand is well-known in several countries of Latin America, Africa, Middle East, South Asia and Southeast Asia. ttp://www. bajajauto. com/bajaj_corporate. asp * Company profile, (vision ,mission, brief history) Vision and Mission Statement Bajaj line of, vision and mission statement they defined its brand essence and brand value. The corporate brand is the visual expression of their own thoughts and actions convey their intent to continue to inspire con fidence. The essence of their brand, the brand is the soul of the enterprise. They are doing their own brand value, its value learning, innovation, perfection, speed and transparency. Value Learning Learning is to how Bajaj ensure positive. This is a value; it contains a knowledge platform for building a moderately prosperous notice, reasonable and decisive action. Innovation Innovation is how Bajaj creating the future. This is a value, triggering significant beyond the pursuit of more than ordinary. Perfect Perfection Perfect is how Bajaj Jishu Li new standard. This is a value to show our determination, Excel, and efforts to establish a new benchmark, all the time. Speed Speed how Bajaj convey the clear conviction. This is a value; significant response reflects our commitment to our goals and process. Transparency Transparency is how Bajaj characteristics. It is a value worth through the credibility of integrity, trust sensitivity and loyalty through interdependence. http://corporatemissions. blogspot. sg/2007/10/bajaj-auto. html A Brief History Integrity, dedication, resourcefulness and determination to succeed, today is the characteristics of the group, often be traced back to its birth in those days the tireless dedication to a common cause. Jamnalal Bajaj, founder of the Group, is a close friend and disciple of Mahatma Gandhi. In fact, Gandhi had by him and his son. This close relationship, deeply involved in his independence movement did not leave Jamnalal Bajaj too much time is spent in his new commercial enterprise. In 1942, his son, Kamalnayan Bajaj, then 27, took over the business rule. He is too close to Gandhis independence in 1947, his business is able to give his full attention. Kamalnayan Bajaj not only consolidated the Group, but also extended to a variety of production activities. The Rahul Erbaguji, Chairman of the Group, is responsible for the business in 1965. Under his leadership, the turnover of the Bajaj Autos flagship company from INR. 72 million INR. 120 billion, its expanding product portfolio and brand to find a global market. He is one of Indias most distinguished business leaders, his business acumen and entrepreneurial spirit to be respected and internationally. * Company current business situation of the company. as per the above chart company financial position is mush stable and in a strong shoes of profitability. ompany is growing and developing back to back year by year. thats the reason behind it; it started recognizing as Indias top two wheeler company and even company started globalizing very fast, it started creating footprints all over the world. before these last three years company face few number of looses thats the reason because of international crises. one of the another reason for these good business is its most challenging innova tive products and its products demand in the market, today customers wait for the innovative product of the company. Current product/technology/process/patent that the company is having. Product- Currently Bajaj auto deals in both two wheelers and three wheelers vehicles. Technology Take a long time, use DTSI technology; Bajaj introduced the three Terry Poole SPRAK plug technology spark plug in the part-load conditions for better fuel efficiency, provide unprecedented performance and efficiency and best combustion, and to ensure low emissions. Process Technology, this new status symbol Change a new, vibrant Bajaj Auto Is in close contact with customers, and believe in Speed nd innovation, to create excitement Through its products, focus on transparency. It is an identity, is to inspire confidence. It represents a new India Company. Patent Patent is in the two-wheeler sector product quality, technology up-gradation, customer service, changing environment universityessays. com/exam ple-essays/english-language/the-bajaj-auto. php universityessays. com/example-essays/english-language/the-bajaj-auto. php#ixzz2Dn3XEfa3 * Current industry (what is happening that can affect the business. Bajaj Auto introduced a new graphics engine as promised Bajaj India has launched the new 2012 models pulsars in January 2012. It was named pulsar 200ns of. It is cooled by the liquid 200cc engine of 23. 17 horsepower at 8000 rpm at 9500rpm for a maximum torque of 18. 3 nm. However, it is expected that Bajaj pulsar line to rise. The face-lift is very necessary, because the pulsar was launched nearly a decade ago. Anyway, 200ns pulsar is a new product; new exhaust layout is now below 200 Duke Engine. The pulsar 200ns new styling and technology. It has a new design alloy wheels, instrument panel, fuel tank and the side of the spoon. http://autos. maxabout. com/bikes/bajaj/pulsar-2008/pulsar-200 2. Why is it necessary for them to employ innovation into the company (20%) (Application of theory from your lectures is required. ) Your analysis on innovation will focus on any of the following within the MNC(select min 2 theories) You are expected to link /incorporate theories into the focus areas that you write. You are required to identify what is the issue that drives them to innovation. Thus you need to write on drivers to innovation. * Materials technology DTSI technology DTS-Fi wireless network connection and DTS-SI engine technology mother is very fuel-efficient. Engine technology also helps to reduce emissions and keep the environment clean and green. Technical innovations include new products and processes, product and process technology changes. If it has been on the market an innovation (product innovation) has been implemented. For example: Bajaj Pulsar 200 NS bike next technological innovation known as pulsars, it is found these days in Mumbai. Reveal of technology innovation Bajaj car in the pulsar 2001 season and release pulsar in the last edition of the 2009 season. The organization also proposed that all release occurred in the pulsar motorcycle. The pulsar 200 NS is a 4-valve pressure stage of technological innovation curiosity multiple technical innovation, providing better gas range and efficiency of the results. NS bare game. DTSI technology- Patented technologies pulsar follow road, the R D lab bike competition. In the Automotive industry, driven technology innovation in different parts of the vehicle, and this trend will continue to be observed in all the major areas such as chassis, powertrain, electronics and security, among others. Such technical developments will occur not just in these areas, the arrival of new modular assembly techniques will transform the court systems and methods together. anticiv. info/tag/technological-innovation/ http://stats. oecd. org/glossary/detail. asp? ID=2688 efytimes. com/e1/fullnews. asp? edid=16466 * Factory process control Process innovation is the implementation of a new or significantly improved production or delivery method (including significant changes in technology, equipment and / or software) small changes or improvements to increase the capacity of production or service through increased production or logistics systemis very similar to those already in use, stop using it not be seen as a process, simple capital replacement or extension, change purely from changes in the prices of the factors of production, customization, regular seasonal and cyclical nature of the change, the new trading or significantly improved product innovation. innoviscop. com/en/definitions/process-innovation For example: Bajaj Auto Total Productive Maintenance as a means to create a safe and participative work environment, the goal is to eliminate the loss of all employees, to continue to enhance the capacity, flexibility, reliability and ability to process, resulting higher staff morale to improve the profitability o f the organization. The re-design of the processes, manufacturing approach was changed towards Lean Manufacturing (in lines of Toyota Production System). Moving Towards lean production Changes in the results and focus * Retain professional and critical process of internal and outsource the rest. * Multi-model assembly line and off-line settings. * Flexible machining centers quick-change modules and tools. * One-way flow of plant layout. Lean production plants in the chakan plant * Process quality assurance (testing). * Quality Assurance SPC error proofing. * Rationalization of suppliers to consolidate in the first-tier suppliers. * Direct line supply on the basis of pull systems (kanban). * Non-store materials and products promising. Multi-skilled labor, self-monitoring and self-certification. TPM (Total Productivity Management), a Japanese methodology a SPC (Statistical process Control), manufacturing operation. scribd. com/doc/22572622/Bajaj-Auto * MarketingDesign A closer loo k shows that about 40% of the R D expenditures original equipment manufacturers and suppliers of all investments into innovation, never let the bike or never produced in sufficient quantities, due to the lack of market acceptance. Remaining 60% to 20% of necessary serial development. Another 20% is to fulfill the law of innovation, but does not add to the unique nature of the product. Under normal circumstances, these innovations do not pay off. This makes 20% of the profitable innovation investment, leaving only a small. More and more technology intense fighting in the sweet spot. Moment only about 10% of the development of automotive technology has the potential to become a blockbuster innovation. These technologies combine the two most relevant categories: the first category, the market potential is huge, including the purpose of the function, customer recognition, compliance and price level. Other classes, the high degree of innovation, the establishment of the technical differences in the market, better protection of intellectual property rights, high profits and long-term harvest. oliverwyman. com/pdf_files/CarInnovation2015_engl. pdf oliverwyman. com/pdf_files/CarInnovation2015_engl. pdf 3. What are the challenges when deployment of this innovation? (20%) Define the type of innovation use and how have they been deployed. Product innovation and challenges Write on the challenges encountered by the company when they introduced innovation. How are they overcome. What is the success todate? Compare with the previous before innovation. Support with evidence. Occupy wheeler market in India three years later, at the end of 1999, BAL consumer preferences change from the four-stroke motorcycles, motorcycle engines and forecast that this trend will continue in a higher scale. Motorcycle Sales in 2001 decreased by 41%, which is a real threat to the existence of BAL. A new set of emission standards (equivalent to Euro II emission standards) into force in 2000 two-stroke gasoline engine. Therefore, the scooters out of favor with the two-stroke engine. Applying the modified model proposed above, Bajaj Auto was losing market share due to change in consumer preferences, development of new market segments, and the availability of better products and scooters manufactured by their competitors. In the first step, the President of company Rahul Bajaj which is a change agent also identified the need for change suggested by Kurt Lewin, the current situation of making AIR hired conscious problems, a performance gap and the need for change. At the same time, he was commissioned and provided new leadership roles to the younger generation such as Rajiv Bajaj (Managing Director). In an attempt to regain market share, the company increased its production by 67. 6% in 2001 as a production motorcycle GEARED scooters fell by 44%. By 2001, the company was making as many as motorcycle gear Couple of Challenges Bajaj auto faces in between the ongoing process of innovation like lake of finance, public demand etc. The biggest challenge Bajaj auto faces is to introduce new face product in the market for which Bajaj auto is not recognized in the market, problem was hesitating will customer like the innovation or not. The second thing making barriers in doing innovation is searching for knowledge employees. Bajaj find very difficult in searching for well skilled labor and even in molding the resident employees in the changing and innovating procedure in introducing new product. Because the stage was very crucialfor company when they started applying innovation even competitors was very aggregative in doing the same so company was left with no other option then creating successful innovation. Played an important role in the success of this phase of the leadership qualities change agent change. Change agent in the chair, the current market environment analysis and to identify the importance of change, in order to maintain market share and bring success on the road to pull Hu Erbaguji, who is our mission. He figured out in different areas, such as the implementation of paragraph cruise segment, the high-end market, the best, etc. He also introduced into the company of young people, to give them more power to create customer surveys and general production requirements the idea is very important in a highly competitive market. Time and again, the 500 R and huge after the siege. Bajaj Auto Limiteds portfolio, this change, these changes in a very short time after launched a new version of the motorcycle in every aspect, as part of the implementation of the Boxer and character, the destroyer cruise segment push, the Avengers and found in the high-end market, the motorcycle industry in India, which is a huge success. This shift public by Bajaj scooter motorcycle thinking stereotype, especially the new generation, who are looking for more performance and stylish bike caused a huge impact. The turning point in this process of change is the introduction of the product, Knock and DTSI technology, to help them capture their names under the two-wheeler market, and victory over their rivals Hero Honda. In June 2006, the company announced its plans to increase the production capacity from 3. 5 million units in 2009 to 5. 1 million units a year, of which two-wheelers is 4. 6 million units of capacity. According to their plan, they recently launched 220cc variant of its popular pulsar motorcycle. 004 Bajaj Auto to change their old identity and create a new logo and brand line, in order to update its new brand identity. This proved something of a visual help to clarify the organization needs to move in the direction (Cote, 2007). These visions and their achievements, the stability of the organization in a new state of equilibrium. ukessays. com/essays/india/bajaj-auto-limited. php 4. Evaluate Business Success (40%) Compare the before implementation ( market share/position/rev enue/process/structure/strategies etc) to today’s outcome. Contrast them in terms of your writing ( theories you apply). Product innovation DTSi technology DTS-I A patented technology, achieved the pulsar follow road, the R D lab bike competition. In the heart of each pulsar is one of the countrys most advanced engine technology. DTS-i system. A technological marvel to ensure the highest performance, lowest consumption and emission levels possible. We will be happy to let a Pulsar maniac like you to know this breakthrough technology behind the secret of the pulsar. DTS-i engine Dual-spark ignition Normal ignition system has a single spark plug. Spark-generated flame front will take some time to reach the entire combustion chamber. Therefore, the combustion of the air fuel mixture is slow and incomplete. The case of two spark plugs, both spark plugs fire simultaneously. This simultaneous firing and eddy current, in the complete combustion of the air fuel mixture results. This action is the DTS-i digital control system (dual spark plug Smart CDI, TRICS III) Interests -Complete combustion of the air fuel mixture without sacrificing mileage output case, gives the maximum power. To ensure that the emissions of environmentally friendly DTS-i engine TRICS III Power and torque requirements constantly change, depending on the rider cruising, acceleration or high speed / maximum speed. The throttle response ignition control system III is an intelligent system that can quickly adapt to the ignition time, in order to adapt to different riding characteristics. Interests: TRICS III will help to achieve a good balance between the low-to mid-range torque and top-end power. This helps to easily ride in different conditions, such as flyovers, hilly terrain, dense traffic and highway cruising The TRICS III patent Bajaj Motors Limited DTS-i engine Intelligent C. D. I. Intelligent capacitor discharge ignition contains a microprocessor, which continuously sensing a different speed and the engine load, and by changing the ignition timing in response. The memory of the microprocessor together work with TRICSIII system, provide optimum ignition timing for any given engine speed, thereby obtaining the best combustion performance. Interests: Improve fuel efficiency and reduce engine noise and vibration, smoother power delivery. Bajaj Autos patent Smart CDI DTS-i engine EXHAUSTEC Exhaust is a device that is registered in the exhaust system. TEC representative of torque expansion chamber. It is fitted into a tuning box (resonators) of the exhaust manifold The low speed area, ExhaustTEC helps to create a negative pressure pulse (vacuum) of the exhaust valve to suck the air fuel mixture into the more the intake valve opening the cylinder. Interests: ExhaustTEC produce high torque. Does not require frequent shifting of flow, as the vehicle, even in the lower speed higher gear pull capability. ExhaustTEC patented by Bajaj Auto Ltd. 4 VALVES The combustion chamber has 1/3 of the area covered by the valve head of a typical 2-valve engine, but an increase of more than 50% 4-valve head region. Also improved due to the flow passage area of the intake port and an exhaust valve port / channel. This is conducive to the induction of more the amount of charge (air fuel mixture), and all the combustion gas of the combustion chamber is evacuated to ensure faster, cleaner and more efficient combustion. This engine has two intake and 2 1, 2-valve engine into a gas and the exhaust valve of the exhaust valve. These valves are small compared to the 2-valve engine, light weight. 4 valves (two intake and two exhaust valves), to improve the breathing method the engines intake and exhaust process†¦ PULSAR CLASSIC 2000 2001 October 2001 The nineties witnessed and generation was born. Work hard and party hard, Western and Indian values. The calm young Indians, masculine, stylish, well-deserved different. But they get a 100cc commuter bike. Changedforever in 2001. The first generation of pulsar is a huge success. It is not only the introduction of a new motorcycle, but also to create a new dimension performance. When the family to discuss mileage, pulsar riders start talking about torque, rebound power weight ratio. With pulsars, the bike no longer just a means of transport, rather than the person with the machine between the relationships began to be forged. Pulsar launch two variants, 150 ml and 180 ml, is indeed the man† PULSAR UG1 2002 2003 October 2003 Since the time of its launch pulsar ruled the heart of this country has been the rule of the road, and its first upgrade. Sold more than three times higher than competitive cycling, the pulsar is a rapidly bad boy on the block. Revolutionary DTS-i technology, introduced in the the excessive competition pulsar bike, it still has a clear competitive advantage. DTS-Is advertising campaign, along with the launch of this generation pulsar also redefined the Indian motorcycle ad This is the first bike ads show one wheel off the ground bike irreverent image pulsar was born. Increase power to 16 and 13 PS 180 and 150, respectively. PULSAR UG2 2004 2005 November 2004 Each pulsar upgrade two aspects styling and technology. Significant change at the same time, each time re-defined section. The game continuously toes try to keep at least just to keep behind the pulsar pulsarpulsar madman ahead. The UG2 many technology upgrades, launched during this period until the date of the pulsar, and a standard in the industry 17 alloy wheels, allowing greater suspension travel, nitrogen oxide suspension and the legendary ExhausTEC. In shape on the wider rear tire, tire environmentalists and all black cast Pulsar180. Improve the power of the 180 and 150, respectively, in 16. 5 and 13. 5 PS PULSAR UG3 2006 October 2006 Pulsar road in 2006, crossed the one million mark, many pulsar madman. Pulsar is no longer just a bike, which is a youth brand, and market leader in the field of sports, with a 50% market share, and that is to keep to the date. Our leadership, through hard work and toil Bajaj Auto Team UG3 number of the largest total upgrade, ushered in the digital age. This is the first time, digital odometer, backlight switch, self-cancel indicators, and LED taillights introduced. Multiple sensors and digital mixer bike riders overall performance, a lot of information, and promote additional power, to pulsars thrown confidence. The increased power of 14 PS 150 PULSAR200 DTS-I PULSAR220 DTS-FI 2007 2008 February 2007 Indias first bike to break 200 ml obstacles on the road Pulsar 200 and 220. Change and Pulsar bike in India once again lead this revolution. Although 200CC is equipped with a carburettor, 220cc fuel injected! These babies might throw downs power of 18 and 20 ps, and blatantly oil cooler. 220 also have front and rear disc brake. PULSAR UG4 2009 May 2009 On Road 2,000,000 pulsar delivered in three years, more than 3 million of the total number of pulsars India. This time to the sports field is also extended to the more than 15 brands from all the major manufacturers, such as Honda, Yamaha, Hero Honda, TVS. The segment accounted for about 17% of the total motorcycle sales, pulsar, its 50% market share, it still maintained a half contribution. 150 the clip-handle and 15Ps of power in February 2010. January 2010 Looking for the legendary 200 customers and the general public needs Pulsar220 also launched a deep-rooted in the minds of a Street Fighter avatar. The fastest growing segment in the motorcycle industry, 50% of the market share, more than 4 million of the pulsar is sold. Exports to over 30 countries, the pulsar is by far the biggest brands in the Indian motorcycle and eyes hegemony in the world soon. ttp://mypulsar. com/technology. aspx http://mypulsar. com/history. aspx Process Innovation Model in the late 1990s, the early 2000s will lean production * economic situation, development through liberalization * Fierce competition. * Improve the customers wishes More models and upgrades. Third level * 110% of the to do the project in the late 1990s, Bajaj Auto Lean Manufacturing at Chakan Plant * Re-design process, manufacturing methods, and change to * lean production (Toyota Production System) line. * TPM (Total Productive Management), Japans methods and SPC (statistical process control) manufacturing operations. Moving towards Lean Manufacturing * The result of the change and focus * Retention of professional and critical process of internal and outsource the rest. * Set more model assembly line and off line. * Flexible machining centres quick-change modules and tools. * The plant layout * The single one-way flow. Lean Manufacturing at Chakan Plant * The process of quality assurance (testing). * By SPC error proofing quality assurance. * Rationalization of suppliers to consolidate in a supplier. * Directly online supply based on pull systems (kanban). Of shops promising material and products. * Multi-skilledlabor force, self-monitoring and self-certification. Towards lean manufacturing a huge change * This is a huge change. * Bajaj car driving through t he railways new factory. * (About 20 km away from Pune plant) * A small number of major suppliers of railway factory. * Improve our near these plants, which gives a good advantage. Lean Manufacturing at Chakan Plant * The project 110% was supported by Project 110% IT. * Bajaj Auto implemented SAP ERP. * Towards lean manufacturing IT support * supply chain processes MRP planning schedule * Schedule SAP portal vendors visibility. * that is based on daily necessities supply lines consumption. * The introduction of the E-Kanban. * supplies sequencing the paint shop, assembly line production schedule synchronization. * JIT supply (our request) the major suppliers * Components and sub-assemblies in accordance with JIT requirements * Supply, in 2-4 hours’ time interval. Towards Lean Manufacturing Electronic Kanban * material supply and service revenue * Create on the the electronic billboards line the consumption in the system. Suppliers establish open E-Kanban quantity invoice. * verify invoice after upload to our SAP system * The use of Internet-based EDI. * Unique ASN (advanced shipping notice), each power supply. * EDI numbers is what we call * Then printed on the invoice number of bar code EDI. * Forwarded by scanning EDI No. materials in plants * The creation of genetic resources without the need for manual data entry. Towards lean manufacturing * Hair this lean supply process results. * productivity per employee Vehicles increase10 ten * Component inventory reducing the stock of the week and a half shift. finished goods inventory to reduce the stock of one to three days * Quality improvements Improved 20000 PPM 2000 PPM. * Truck turnaround time reduced four hours to half an hour. * The thethe Material United Nations load rate / class size increased to 150-350 load. * Improved the accuracy of the invoice data faster payment processing. * deployment portal vendors * Evaluation of the quality of power supply and PPM data visibility. * Invoice wise refused payment. * supplier of quality tracking supplier responsibility 5. Conclusion / Reflection (5%) Conclusion – should innovation be only once? Write and reflect your opinion. Studies have confirmed that all businesses are more innovative. The survey found that nearly 90% of companies believe that innovation is their priority. Concluded that the increasing importance of innovation, and increased significantly. In todays economic circumstances, innovation has become an important factor in the impact of strategic planning. It has been recognized, innovation and the creation of wealth. , Even if efficiency is crucial to the success of the enterprise, in the long run, it cannot sustain business growth. Today, more than ever, we need to innovate. Every organization and business is feeling the impact of globalization, migration, technological and knowledge revolutions, and  climate change  issuesInnovation will bring added value and to expand the employment base. Innovation is necessary in these difficult circumstances, improved quality of life. Innovation will make the world a better younger generation. paggu. com/getting-into-roots/what-is-innovation-why-innovation-is-important/ Proper citation is required. Assignment in report format. Words = 4,000.